The Gordon Conference on Myelin is a longstanding meeting that has drawn together the leaders of the field with many junior investigators to discuss the newest questions in this research area. The 2010 Gordon Conference on Myelin will present cutting-edge research on the development of myelinating cells, the signaling pathways that mediate myelination, the consequences of demyelination and the potential for remyelination. The role of myelin in neurologic and psychiatric disease will be discussed. Invited speakers represent a variety of scientific disciplines, ranging from molecular biologists to clinicians focused on remyelination. Thus this meeting will integrate studies on basic mechanisms of nervous system development and repair with clinically relevant issues of brain function. As in other years, senior investigators will be session speakers and also discussion leaders who provide overviews of the field. A number of speakers will be investigators at the junior faculty level. This will allow young investigators a unique opportunity to present their work, and become known to their scientific peers. This meeting has been well attended by junior investigators, and as funds are available, we will support some trainee and junior faculty attendance. All attendees should plan to present their work, and some abstracts will be selected for oral presentation.